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The Nerva–Antonine dynasty was a dynasty of seven Roman Emperors who ruled over the Roman Empire from 96 AD to 192 AD. These Emperors are Nerva, Trajan, Hadrian, Antoninus Pius, Marcus Aurelius, Lucius Verus, and Commodus. The first five of the six successions within this dynasty were notable in that the reigning Emperor adopted the candidate of his choice to be his successor. Under Roman law, an adoption established a bond legally as strong as that of kinship. Because of this, all but the first and last of the Nerva-Antonine emperors are called Adoptive Emperors. This has often been considered〔E.g. by Machiavelli and Gibbon〕 as a conscious repudiation of the principle of dynastic inheritance and has been deemed as one of the factors of the period's prosperity.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Adoptive Succession )〕 However, this was not a new practice; Roman emperors had adopted heirs in the past: The Emperor Augustus had adopted Tiberius and the Emperor Claudius had adopted Nero. Julius Caesar, dictator perpetuo and considered to be instrumental in the transition from Republic to Empire, adopted Octavian who would become Augustus, the first Emperor of Rome, even though he possibly had an illegitimate son Caesarion, by Cleopatra. Moreover, there was a family connection as Trajan adopted his nephew Hadrian and Hadrian made Antoninus Pius adopt both Hadrian's cousin Marcus Aurelius and the son of his original planned successor, Lucius Verus. The naming by Marcus Aurelius of his son Commodus was considered to be an unfortunate choice and the beginning of the Empire's decline.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Decline of the Roman Empire )〕 ==Nerva–Trajan dynasty== Nerva was the first of the dynasty. Though his reign was short, it saw a partial reconciliation between the army, Senate and commoners. Nerva adopted as his son the popular military leader Trajan. In turn, Hadrian succeeded Trajan; he had been the latter's heir presumptive and averred that he had been adopted by him on Trajan's deathbed. Image:Nerva Tivoli Massimo.jpg|Nerva Image:Traianus_Glyptothek_Munich_72.jpg|Trajan Image:Bust Hadrian Musei Capitolini MC817.jpg|Hadrian 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Nerva–Antonine dynasty」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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